松辽盆地北部深部层圈结构与成因模式探讨     

唐建人  陈守田  张克民 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2001,31(4):338-339,344

依据松辽盆地深部地震资料 ,分析了深部地震反射特征及深部层圈结构特征。应用“非对称伸展作用”理论 ,通过对深部层圈结构、基底构造特征、侏罗系断陷构造格局的综合分析 ,建立了松辽盆地北部的盆地成因模式。从该模式可看出 ,基底滑脱拆离断层控制了侏罗系断陷的发育。  相似文献   

海积软土固结变形的结构性模型研究     

王常明  肖树芳  夏玉斌 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2001,31(4):363-367,381

土结构性模型是 2 1世纪土力学学科的核心问题。基于海积软土一维固结蠕变的宏观力学性状与微观结构定量分析相结合的方法 ,提出了软土在外荷作用下微观结构的演变模式 ,由此建议了一个含结构参数的固结变形本构关系。用试验资料和工程实例进行了初步验证 ,表明所建模型可以预测多级加载条件下海积软土的变形规律。  相似文献   

中国大陆岩石圈结构篱笆图及其说明——10条GGT地球物理资料     

杨宝俊  张兴洲  孟令顺  吴福元  孙晓猛  孙加鹏  刘财  冯晅 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2001,31(4):385-390

利用中国陆地 10条GGT地球物理资料编制中国岩石圈篱笆图 ,并加以说明。通过对地球物理特征和地质学分析 ,认为以大兴安岭—太行山—武陵山重力梯级带和青藏高原周边重力梯级带为界 ,可把中国陆地划分 3个岩石圈构造单元。中国陆壳既有三分结构也存在二分结构 ;对地壳中存在的低速带、高导带和天然地震带进行了划分。以大兴安岭—太行山—武陵山重力梯级带为界 ,两侧盆地具有不同的地球物理特征 ,这些特征与构造运动、均衡调整过程有关。莫霍面几乎遍布全国 ,它具有内部结构。下部地壳底部存在的地球物理异常与莫霍面有关 ,也可能与岩石圈地幔的变化有关。  相似文献   

峨眉山玄武岩的岩相与岩体结构   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

沈军辉  王兰生  徐林生  李天斌 《水文地质工程地质》2001,28(6):1-4

峨眉山玄武岩是西南地区水电工程的主要建基岩体，其岩体结构明显受其建造的控制，不同地区，不同岩相的玄武岩，由于岩石组合及原生结构特征等的差异，而具有不同的岩体结构特征。本文结合拟建金沙江溪洛渡水电工程，雅砻江官地水电工程等实例，从岩相角度分析了玄武岩岩相及原生结构及原生结构对其岩体结构的控制作用。  相似文献   

遥感在新疆淖毛湖戈壁找矿中的应用     

张守林  傅水兴  杨自安 《铀矿地质》2001,17(6):365-367,373

根据不同地质体在不同波段上的光谱特征，选择不同波段的TM数据进行假彩色合成，主成分分析，匹配滤波及多种处理方法，对淖毛湖戈壁琼河坝地区的线环构造特征，赋矿岩层，矿化蚀变等示矿要素进行增强处理和特征提取，取得较好效果，为在戈壁地区快速追踪找矿信息，指导成矿预测提供了重要的基本资料。  相似文献   

Crustal structure in and around the region of the 1995 Kobe Earthquake deduced from a wide-angle and refraction seismic exploration     

Takeshi Ohmura  Takeo Moriya  Chengshi Piao  Takaya Iwasaki  Toshikastu Yoshi  Shin'ichi Sakai  Tetsuya Takeda  Kaoru Miyashita  Humihito Yamazaki  Kiyoshi Ito  Akira Yamazaki  Yoji Shimada  Katsuya Tashiro  Hiroki Miyamachi 《Island Arc》2001,10(3-4):215-227

Abstract The 1995 Kobe (Hyogo-ken Nanbu) earthquake (M_JMA 7.2, M_w 6.9) occurred on Jan. 17, 1995, at a depth of 17 km, beneath the areas of southern part of Hyogo prefecture and Awaji Island. To investigate P-wave velocity distribution and seismological characteristics in the aftershock area of this great earthquake, a wide-angle and refraction seismic exploration was carried out by the Research Group for Explosion Seismology (RGES) . The profile including 6 shot points and 205 observations was 135 km in length, extending from Keihoku, Northern Kyoto prefecture, through Kobe, to Seidan on Awaji Island. The charge of each shot was 350–700 kg. The P-wave velocity structure model showed a complicated sedimentary layer which is shallower than 2.5 km, a 2.5 km-thick basement layer whose velocity is 5.5 km/s, overlying the crystalline upper crust, and the boundary between the upper and lower crust.
Almost all aftershock hypocenters were located in the upper crust. However, the structure model suggests that the hypocenters of the main shock and some aftershock clusters were situated deeper than the boundary between the upper and lower crust. We found that the P-velocity in the upper crust beneath the northern part of Awaji Island is 5.64 km/s which is 3% lower than that of the surrounding area. The low-velocity zone coincides with the region where the high stress moment release was observed.  相似文献   

Characteristics and Implication of the Earthquake Swarm Occurred in Fuzhou in September 1999     

Yuan Dingqiang  Wang Jian 《中国地震研究》2001,15(2):146-154

on Septmeber 23,1999,an earthquake swarm occured in Fuzhou,Because the swarm occurred in the region where earthquaks occurred scarcely before and very close to the center of the city as well as shortly after the Jiji earthquake with Ms7.6 in Taiwan,September 21,1999,has aroused interest broadly.In this paper,we analyzed the characteristics of spatial and temporal distribution of the earthquake swarm and validated magnitude-number constituent of the swarm is special.In present theory,the earthquake swarm means that a small scale macro original rupture has formed in the layer of the crust in Fuzhou region where moderately strong earthquake risk exists.  相似文献   

Centralized power and divided space: `Fractured regions' in the Israeli `ethnocracy'     

Oren Yiftachel 《GeoJournal》2001,53(3):283-293

This paper uses a critical political-geographical perspective to account for the high centrality of power found in Israel. It suggests that the concentration of power have not been solely caused by national solidarity and integration or by metropolitan development, as commonly explained, but also by the territorial `fracturing' of the main social and ethnic groups in Israel/Palestine. This has prevented the emergence of effective pressure for regional devolution. Israel's character as a settler and settling state, and its central project of Judaizing contested territories, enabled the Israeli `ethnocracy' and its (mainly Ashkenazi and secular) elites to create a political geography of `fractured ethnic and social regions'. Dispersing minorities and legitimizing segregation and inequality, all in the name of the `national interest', achieved this. The Israeli political landscape is therefore organized as `fractured regions', each representing a distinct and interconnected, yet geographically dispersed, set of localities, and resembling a `chain of beads'. The logic of dispersal and segregation, in turn, has also influenced patterns of development and residential separation within Israel's main urban areas. Thus, ethnic and social fragmentation and conflict, and not a putative process of national or metropolitan integration, can explain much of Israel's highly centralized power structure.  相似文献   

3–D Tomographic Images and Deep Ore-Control in Northern Margin of the North China Plate     

Yike LIU  Xu CHANG 《Resource Geology》2001,51(4):401-406

Abstract: 3–D velocity images of the crust beneath the northern margin of the North China Plate have been constructed using P-wave travel time residuals of the latest earthquakes, with the data supplied by Chinese seismic networks.
The seismic image results indicate that there is a lateral heterogeneity in the crust beneath the northern part of the North China block. The velocity images of the upper crust show features closely related to the tectonic features on the surface. It can be seen from these velocity images of the vertical sections, and from the horizontal slice images at depths of 11 and 16 km that there exist East-West and North-East structures. The images indicate that the juncture zone of basin–and–range terrain is between the blue-colored high–velocity block corresponding to the Yanshan mountain range that developed during the Yanshan period in northwest Beijing and the green low-velocity area corresponding to the North China basin in southeast Beijing (Fig. 5). The juncture zone between high-velocity and low–velocity, and EW and NE fault zones have significant ore-control effects. From the chart of epicenters in the northern region of North China, we find that the epicenters of earthquakes are almost entirely distributed within the NE strip. Almost all major earthquakes took place in the transition strip between the high and low-velocity zones in the crust. The distribution of epicenters also reflects the strikes of known NE–faults. From the image sections along the latitude, we find that in the area between 114.0 E –118.0 E , there is a blue high-velocity block standing upright from the Moho to the upper crust (Fig. 6), from which can be deduced that some materials such as magma moved upward from the upper mantle during the history of its geological development.  相似文献   

SOURCE RADIATION AND RESPONSES OF WAVE PROPAGATION   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

CHEN Sheng-zao  Gail M Atkinson 《大地构造与成矿学(英文版)》2001,25(1)

Recordings of seismic waves propagating from earthquake source to a station at the earth's surface are a system response function.The convolution operator in time domain can be simplified as a multiplication operator in frequency domain.We discuss in frequency domain the separation of source,path and site effects for global scaling of earthquake source radiation.Also discussed are source scaling model,faulting mechanism,and the H/V inversion problems with crustal and near surface structures.Gross features of apparent source spectra appear to be not much region-dependent although there may be difference between tectonic styles within a region of tectonic mixture for which we need further study as data accumulate.Vertical spectra may be a better approach to approximate source radiation,as it has less crustal amplification effects than horizontal spectra.The H/V ratio is evidently a comprehensive indicator of amplification effects from near surface to deep structure.This gives it potential as an inversion tool to deduce site crustal structure.  相似文献